CSE · GS-4Official PYQ · CSE 2016 · Q10Ethics · Case Studies · 20 marks · 250 words
English
Land needed for mining, dams and other large-scale projects is acquired mostly from Adivasis, hill dwellers and rural communities. The displaced persons are paid monetary compensation as per the legal provisions. However, the payment is often tardy. In any case, it cannot sustain the displaced families for long. These people do not possess marketable skills to engage in some other occupation. They end up as low paid migrant labourers. Moreover, their traditional ways of community living are destroyed. Thus, the benefits of development go to industries, industrialists and urban communities whereas the costs are passed on to these poor helpless people. This unjust distribution of costs and benefits is unethical. Suppose you have been entrusted with the task of drafting a better compensation-cum-rehabilitation policy for such displaced persons, how would you approach the problem and what would be the main elements of your suggested policy?
हिन्दी
खनन, बाँध एवं अन्य बड़े पैमाने की परियोजनाओं के लिए आवश्यक भूमि अधिकांशतः आदिवासियों, पहाड़ी निवासियों एवं ग्रामीण समुदायों से अर्जित की जाती है। विस्थापित व्यक्तियों को कानूनी प्रावधानों के अनुरूप मौद्रिक मुआवज़ा दिया जाता है। फिर भी, भुगतान प्रायः धीमी गति से होता है। किसी भी हालत में विस्थापित परिवार लम्बे समय तक जीवनयापन नहीं कर पाते। इन लोगों के पास बाज़ार की आवश्यकतानुसार किसी दूसरे धंधे में लगने का कौशल भी नहीं होता है। वे आखिरकार कम मज़दूरी वाले आवर्जिक (प्रवासी) श्रमिक बन जाते हैं। इसके अलावा, उनके सामुदायिक जीवन के परम्परागत तरीके अधिकांशतः समाप्त हो जाते हैं। अतः विकास के लाभ उद्योगों, उद्योगपतियों एवं नगरीय समुदायों को चले जाते हैं, जबकि विकास की लागत इन ग़रीब असहाय लोगों पर डाल दी जाती है। लागतों एवं लाभों का यह अनुचित वितरण अनैतिक है। यदि आपको ऐसे विस्थापित व्यक्तियों के लिए अच्छे मुआवज़े एवं पुनःवास की नीति का मसौदा बनाने का कार्य दिया जाता है, तो आप इस समस्या के सम्बन्ध में क्या दृष्टिकोण रखेंगे एवं आपके द्वारा सुझाई गई नीति के मुख्य तत्त्व कौन-कौन से होंगे?
Text taken verbatim from the commission's published question paper. Transcribed from UPSC’s question paper, CS(M) 2016 (English and Hindi). Source
Syllabus
Ethics · Case Studies
Case studies on the above issues.
CSE syllabus →Full CSE 2016 GS-4 paper →More on #Tribals →More on #Migrants & Labour →More on #Minerals & Energy Resources →
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